7KHXUEDQWUDQVIRUPDWLRQVRIWKHKHDOWKUHVRUWLQ/ąGHN=GUyMEHIRUH 47
who underwent about a two-week-long therapy in Mary’s
baths in 1765. The actual breakthrough took place after
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Count von Hoym personally got involved into the devel-
opment of the health resort. On the initiative of the min-
ister the Baths Board was appointed that took over the
supervision of the health resort and at the same time took
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p. 134]. The most important task of the Board was to
cause the spatial connection of Old and New Baths that in
the 2
nd
half of the 18
th
century were still independent
facilities separated by farming lands, meadows and pri-
vate gardens (Fig. 3).
It was decided then to build half way between the ther-
PDOVSULQJVDEDWKKRXVH±³VDORQ´WKDWZDVXVHGIRUVRFLDO
meetings of the quests of both baths [14, p. 15]. The build-
ing was located by the newly designed maple tree avenue
WKDWFRQQHFWHG³2OG´DQG³1HZ%DWKV´2QWKHVORSHRIWKH
hill below the bathhouse, a small garden was designed that
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H[WHQGHGLQDQGMRLQHG6W*HRUJH¶V%DWKV>S@
At the same time public walks were designed in the valley
RI WKH -DGZLĪDQND 6WUHDP ZLWK D )RUHVW 7HPSOH LQ WKH
form of a small chapel, pavilion for orchestra, and a little
later – a Swiss chalet with a restaurant. On the initiative of
Count von Hoym the buildings of the baths were also reno-
vated and in 1788 a new bathhouse, so called douche baths
(Douchebad), was built over Frederick’s Spring where the
patients were offered first in Silesia bubble and shower
baths [1, p. 200]. In 1794, the women’s baths were extend-
HGLQ6W*HRUJH¶V6SULQJE\EXLOGLQJDKHDOWKFDUHFHQWHULQ
the new section for the poor.
At the end of the 18
th
century, in the vicinity of the springs
– along the maple tree avenue – the first private villas were
designed and built for recreational purposes. In 1793, the
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was built opposite the bathhouse, at the beginning of the
avenue; in 1801, the house of general von Rothkirch’s wife
ZDVEXLOWE\6W*HRUJH¶VEDWKLQJKRXVHDQGWKH5DG]LZLááV¶
residence – +{WHO GH 3RORJQH – was built between those
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EXLOWRSSRVLWHWKH&KDSHORI9LUJLQ0DU\LQWKH'HVHUWDIHZ
years later, in the years 1813–1815, he commissioned the
construction of another villa located by the linden tree avenue
going from Mary’s Spring all the way to the bridge across
today’s Luty Stream [7, p. 36].
As a result of effort of minister von Hoym, in 1800,
Queen Louise of Prussia laid the cornerstone for the
construction of a new ballroom
8
located in the complex
of the bathhouse [7, p. 34]. After completion of the con-
struction works central park was extended to reach New
Baths, connecting them with the bathhouse by a larch
tree avenue. Thus, the idea of connecting the baths by
recreational paths called Spa Park (Kurpark) was finally
UHDOL]HG
9
.
8
The extension of the building was designed by architect Carl
*RWWIULHG*HLVVOHUIURP:URFáDZ>S@
9
Today it is called John Paul II’s Park (earlier Central Park).
One of the most important events in the history of
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)UHGHULFN:LOOLDP,,,ZLWK7VDU$OH[DQGHU,ZKRVSHQWLQ
the baths about two weeks in August 1813. The visit of
the crowned heads greatly affected the popularity of the
resort, especially among aristocracy, which in turn further
boosted the intense growth of the baths.
In around 1820, the resort visitors were offered over
200 rooms in 18 municipal and 28 private guest houses
[8, p. 134]. The appearance of the resort was systemati-
cally improved by designing new areas for walks – in
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DURXQG6W*HRUJH¶V&KDSHO,QWKH'RXFKH%DWKV
were extended in Mary’s Spring to include, apart from
showers, an inhaling hall. Two years later, the main build-
ing of the thermal springs was covered with a new dome,
and in 1845 another one – made of glass – was installed
LQVLGHLW³WRSUHYHQWGUDIWV´>S@$WWKHHQGRIWKH
1830s, the intake of Marianne’s Spring was remodeled
and in 1842 it was connected with a 146 meter long hall
for walks (Albrechtshalle) located at the foot of the
&KDSHORI9LUJLQ0DU\LQWKH'HVHUWDQGRSHQHGWR6SD
Park [11, p. 150] (Fig. 4).
Three years later, a new masonry bathhouse was built
in the place of the old structure made of wooden that
burned down in 1841. Next, in the years 1848–1849,
modern baths called Stone Baths (6WHLQEDG) – with tubs
for water and peat baths – were built in the place of
demolished inns, whose construction was commissioned
by Hoffmann von Leuchtenstern, south-west of Mary’s
Baths, [10, p. 31]. The new thermal springs were fed from
Meadow Spring (Wiesenquelle) which was discovered in
1829
10
. In the 1850s, the bathing facilities in the baths in
both springs were renovated or replaced with copper pip-
ing, wooden tubs were replaced with new marble ones,
the pools were extended and their walls and floors were
10
At present Chrobry’s Spring.
Fig. 4. Hall for walks (AlbrechtshalleEXLOWDIWHU:RUOG:DU,,YLHZ
IURP&HQWUDO3DUNSKRWR(7URFND/HV]F]\ĔVND
Il. 4. Hala spacerowa (Albrechtshalle]DEXGRZDQDSR,,ZRMQLH
ĞZLDWRZHMZLGRNRGVWURQ\3DUNX&HQWUDOQHJR
IRW(7URFND/HV]F]\ĔVND
